Game Design

Class 05: Animation

Topics

Game Animation
Sprite Creation
Platformer (sprites) Lab Demonstration
Player Sprite Sheet Assignment

High five!

Game Animation

Animation Cycles:

When you make animations for video games they need to be able to cycle, return to a rest position, or “mix” with other motions.

Your game will need at least a form of locomotion. You can see the keys below:

Walk Cycle Keys

01

04

06

08

12

Run Cycle Keys

01

03

04

06

08

Walk Cycle Animation Tutorial

Sprite Creation

Sprite Sheet:

A sprite is a game term to mean a simple graphic. A sprite sheet is a collection of sprites, usually including animation.

Platformer Sprites:

For your current game and assignment, you should complete the following:

Player Animations

Idle

The default position of the character

Single image or animation

Walk, Run or both

Basic locomotion

Animation

Jump, Fall, or both

Pose of the character in air

Single image

Injury, Death, or both

Character being damaged

Single image

Enemy Animations

Locomotion

Patrolling

Single image or animation

Platformer (sprites) Lab Demonstration

This is what we are making today

You may download the Unity project here.

Assets

Environment

Foreground: The imagery that is in front of the player
Midground: The imagery that the player character can actually contact, ground, platforms, walls, etc.
Background: The imagery behind the player

Characters

Player: The protagonist controlled by the player
Enemies: The antagonist that kills the player

Other(pickups, UI, etc.)

Lives: Adds life to the players total lives
Points: Adds to the player’s total score

We now have our graphics complete. You can create more as you go.

Scripts

New Scripts

None: No new scripts this week

Updated Scripts

PlayerControllerScript: Add a function to control the animation of the player graphic

Old Scripts

PlayerPickupScript: Detects pickups such as lives or score
DeathboxScript: Runs the death function when player enters
VictoryboxScript: Loads next level when player enters
PlayerStatsScript: Keeps track of the player stats such as lives and score
EnemyControllerScript: Moves the enemy sprite and kills the player
GroundCheckScript: Checks that the player character is on the ground

PlayerController.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class PlayerController : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float movSpd = 2.5f;
    public float jmpStr = 50f;
    public float jmpBst = 1f;

    public bool ground = false;
    public bool doubleJump = false;

    private Rigidbody2D pRB2D;
    private Animator pAnim;
    private SpriteRenderer pSprite;
    //private Vector2 startPos;

    private PlayerStats pStats;

    void Awake()
    {
        pRB2D = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
        pAnim = GetComponent<Animator>();
        pSprite = GetComponent<SpriteRenderer>();
        pStats = GetComponent<PlayerStats>();
    }

    void Update()
    {
        pRB2D.velocity = new Vector2(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * movSpd, pRB2D.velocity.y);

        if(pRB2D.velocity.x > 0.1f) pSprite.flipX = false; 
        if(pRB2D.velocity.x < -0.1f) pSprite.flipX = true; 


        if(Input.GetButtonDown("Jump"))
        {
            if(ground)
            {
                pRB2D.AddForce(Vector2.up * (jmpStr * jmpBst));
                ground = false;
                doubleJump = true;
            }
            else 
            {
                if(doubleJump)
                {                    
                    pRB2D.AddForce(Vector2.up * (jmpStr * jmpBst));
                    doubleJump = false;
                }
            }
        }  

        pAnim.SetBool("Ground", ground);
        pAnim.SetFloat("Speed", Mathf.Abs(Input.GetAxis("Horizontal")));  

        if(transform.position.y <= -10)
        {
            pStats.UpdateLives(-1);
        }        
    }

    void OnCollisionEnter2D(Collision2D col)
    {
        if(col.gameObject.CompareTag("Ground"))
            ground = true;
    }

    void OnCollisionExit2D(Collision2D col)
    {
        if(col.gameObject.CompareTag("Ground"))
            ground = false;
    }

    public void PowerUp(string type)
    {
        switch(type)
        {
            case "Jump Boost":
                StartCoroutine(JumpBoost());
                break;                
        }
    }

    IEnumerator JumpBoost()
    {
        jmpBst = 2;
        yield return new WaitForSeconds(10);
        jmpBst = 1;
    }

    void FixedUpdate()
    {
        CheckEnemyBelow();
    }

    void CheckEnemyBelow()
    {
        RaycastHit2D hit = Physics2D.Raycast(new Vector2(transform.position.x, transform.position.y - .5f), -Vector2.up, .5f);
        Debug.DrawRay(new Vector2(transform.position.x, transform.position.y - .5f), -Vector2.up * 0.5f, Color.blue, 2, false);

        if(hit.collider != null)
        {
            if(hit.collider.CompareTag("Enemy"))
                Destroy(hit.collider.gameObject);
        }
    }
}

EnemyController.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class EnemyController : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float enemySpeed = 2;

    private int enemyDirection = 1;

    private Rigidbody2D eRB2D;
    private SpriteRenderer eGraphic;

    void Awake()
    {
        eRB2D = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
        eGraphic = GetComponentInChildren<SpriteRenderer>();
    }

    void Update()
    {
        Move();
    }

    void Move()
    {
        eRB2D.velocity = new Vector2 ((enemySpeed * enemyDirection), transform.position.y);
    }

    void OnTriggerExit2D(Collider2D col)
    {
        enemyDirection *= -1;
        if(eGraphic.flipX) eGraphic.flipX = false; 
        else eGraphic.flipX = true;

        if(eGraphic.flipY) eGraphic.flipY = false; 
        else eGraphic.flipY = true;
    }

    void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D col)
    {
        if(col.gameObject.CompareTag("Player"))
        {
            col.gameObject.GetComponent<PlayerStats>().UpdateLives(-1);
        }
    }
}

CameraController.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class CameraController : MonoBehaviour
{
    public Transform pTransform;
    public Vector3 offset;

    void Update()
    {
        transform.position = pTransform.position + offset;
    }
}

Pickup.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class Pickup : MonoBehaviour
{
    private Animator pickupAnim;
    
    public string pickup = "life";

    void Awake()
    {
        pickupAnim = GetComponentInChildren<Animator>();
    }

    void Start()
    {
        
    }

    void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D col)
    {
        if(col.gameObject.CompareTag("Player"))
        {
            switch(pickup)
            {
                case "Life":
                    col.gameObject.GetComponent<PlayerStats>().UpdateLives(1);
                    Destroy(gameObject);
                    break;
                case "Point":
                    col.gameObject.GetComponent<PlayerStats>().UpdateScore(1);
                    if(pickupAnim)
                        pickupAnim.SetTrigger("Score");
                    StartCoroutine(WaitToKill(0.25f));
                    break;
                case "Jump Boost":
                    col.gameObject.GetComponent<PlayerController>().PowerUp("Jump Boost");
                    Destroy(gameObject);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    IEnumerator WaitToKill(float timeToKill)
    {
        yield return new WaitForSeconds(timeToKill);
        Destroy(gameObject);
    }
}

PlayerStats.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using TMPro;

public class PlayerStats : MonoBehaviour
{
    public int playerLives = 3;
    public int playerScore = 0;

    private Vector2 startPos;

    public TextMeshProUGUI livesText;
    public TextMeshProUGUI scoreText;

    void Start()
    {
        UpdateLives(0);
        UpdateScore(0);
        startPos = transform.position;
    }

    public void UpdateLives(int lives)
    {
        playerLives += lives;
        livesText.text = "Lives: " + playerLives;

        if(lives < 0)
            transform.position = startPos;
    }

    public void UpdateScore(int points)
    {
        playerScore += points;
        scoreText.text = "Score: " + playerScore;
    }

}

StartMenu.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.SceneManagement;

public class StartMenuScript : MonoBehaviour
{

    public void StartGame()
    {
        SceneManager.LoadScene("Level01");
    }

    public void QuitGame()
    {
        Application.Quit();
    }
}

Victory.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class Victory : MonoBehaviour
{

    void OnTriggerEnter2D(Collider2D col)
    {
        if(col.gameObject.CompareTag("Player"))
        {
            Debug.Log("you won!");
        }
    }
}

Player Sprite Sheet Assignment

Player Sprite Sheet:

You created a single still-image for your player character already but it’s not really a “video” game without the video aspect (motion). In this lab you will build on that image and create the various animation states for your player. You should have at least an idle, movement (walk/run), and jump animation/images. Once completed you will submit a sprite sheet as a png.

You will be graded on the following:

Lab Requirements
- Techniques and processes covered in the instructional material is followed and implemented.
Creativity & Craftsmanship
- Excellent design choices, novel & appealing, and solid clean caliber work.

Resources:

Assignment Video Tutorials: You may watch the tutorial videos below to help you complete your assignment.

Assignment Video Tutorials

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Submit Player Sprite Sheet Assignment on Blackboard